Learn Chemistry by Using the Periodic Table of Elements

Learn Chemistry by Using the Periodic Table of ElementsIf you ever want to have a lot of fun while studying the periodic table of elements, you might be tempted to make up theories on the chemical properties of the elements. But, if you really want to learn the elements' properties and study them better, you should use the periodic table as your guide. After all, the elements are very small and hard to visualize. And if you keep searching for their chemical properties, you will definitely get confused.For starters, the periodic table of elements is divided into two sections: the alphabetic and the ordinal versions. The alphabetic version of the table looks like a list of the elements that you can see in nature. Here, the elements are grouped according to their atomic number. The element with the lowest atomic number is placed at the bottom of the list. A point is added every time an element is placed at the top or on the right side of the table.There are eight points at the beginning of the table. There are six further points that are either upside down or to the left of the numbers, depending on their position in the periodic table. Then there are three more points that can be found in the middle of the table. The last set of points are just below the zero points.Elements that have the lowest atomic number are named the alkali metals. You cannot see them in nature, but you can find them in certain types of reactions. These elements are usually found in platinum and palladium.Elements that are very reactive metals tend to be elements that have the highest atomic number. In fact, the elements named halogens belong to this category. Elements with a higher atomic number tend to react more easily with other elements.Elements that do not belong to this category of reactive elements have atomic numbers closer to the numbers zero. If they are exposed to the elements that are the same size, they will react violently. Thus, they are found in gold and silver. But, if you want to learn the properties of these elements better, you should keep reading.The elements listed at the beginning of the table are those that contain molecules composed of two, three, or four atoms. The others are all larger molecules. When they are put together, they form compounds called ions.For learning chemistry, it is a good way to associate different elements with their properties. One simple way to do this is to read the numbers that are next to each element. It will give you a very clear picture of the chemical properties of the element. After you know how the element behaves, you can start doing experiments to understand its reaction with other elements.

Accommodation in Porto

Accommodation in Porto What Type of Accommodation Can You Get in Porto? ChaptersTypes of Accommodation in PortoStaying in Porto City CentreStaying Near the River DouroStaying in Porto’s Suburbs“We travel to change not of place, but ideas.” - Hippolyte TaineTravelling can involve discovering new places, visiting tourist attractions, or just relaxing. It’s also an opportunity to learn more about a given country or city. Some might even seem like somewhere you’d like to move.Spain and Portugal share the Iberian Peninsula with the latter being smaller than its neighbour. While Portugal is a popular tourist destination, many opt to visit Lisbon (Lisboa) or the Algarve. However, the largest city in northern Portugal is a fantastic destination for tourists and will be included on most tourist itineraries through the country.So while the number of new hotels in Portugal has increased by 37% in recent years, you’ll need to think about which area to stay in and the type of accommodation you’ll be staying in.Whether you want a studio apartment in the city centre or a charming holiday home by the Atlantic Ocean, Porto’s got a lot of tricks up its sleeve. IrineuPortuguese Teacher £25/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors GabrielaPortuguese Teacher 5.00 (2) £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors JoanaPortuguese Teacher 5.00 (1) £12/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors LouisePortuguese Teacher 5.00 (2) £27/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors RodrigoPortuguese Teacher £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors BlancaPortuguese Teacher £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors CarolinaPortuguese Teacher 5.00 (5) £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors AdamPortuguese Teacher 5.00 (6) £11/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutorsTypes of Accommodation in PortoUnlike certain large cities in Europe, Porto has plenty of different types of accommodation. Holiday rents, hotels, or hostels, you’re spoilt for choice.Feeling a bit lost?Here’s a quick rundown! The less you spend on accommodation, the more you can spend on food! (Source: matunjic)For a Modest BudgetLike most places, hotels are the most popular type of accommodation for tourists in Porto. The city is full of typical hotels at good rates (on average £50 per night for a double room).This is the simplest type of accommodation to book, especially thanks to online platforms like Booking.com and Hotels.com. Hotels account for around a quarter of the accommodation in Porto.More and more tourists are opting for furnished apartments and flats.  We most often think of Airbnb for this type of accommodation but there are other platforms including Homeaway and Housetrip. You can get a studio apartment in the centre of Porto for around £50 a night.You can rent the entire property or part of it. This means you can either rent a room in a flat with the rest of the family staying there or have the whole place to yourself. This is one of the cheapest options and great for those who travel a lot.Do you know what a pensão is?This is a guesthouse where the owners will probably do everything they can to make you feel at home. For around £40 a night, you can enjoy the comfort and the freedom of having a room to yourself!On a BudgetA youth hostel is another option for travellers and there are plenty of them in Porto. This is probably due to how many students and young people visit the city.  These won’t be like a top-floor apartment in the city centre but rather dormitories for 4-20 people. However, they are a good option if comfort isn’t a priority.For around a tenner a night, you’ll have a bed in a shared room. A lot of youth hostels are in great locations and they're a great way to save and enjoy the city!If you’re on a tight budget, Porto’s the perfect city. You can enjoy Porto for free through “CouchSurfing”.So what is CouchSurfing?Put simply, you can stay at someone’s house for free.This is a great way to experience the city, especially if you want t o practise your Portuguese and hang out with the portuense (the locals). You won’t need to pay anything, but it might be nice to treat your hosts to a gift!The boldest amongst you might even consider a flat-swap with a local family. The concept is simple: someone stays at yours while you stay at theirs, which is another way to stay in Porto for free.So of all these types of accommodation, which would you prefer?You’ll probably notice by visiting Porto that there are tonnes of cultural and historic attractions all over the city.There are two ways to stay in Porto: in the centre or the surrounding neighbourhoods. Both have their advantages and disadvantages.Find out more about Porto's neighbourhoods.Staying in Porto City CentreYou might be thinking about staying in a hotel or youth hostel in the centre of Porto. Whether you’re staying in a furnished studio apartment or a charming hotel, a lot of us like to stay near businesses, amenities, and tourist attractions so that we can m ake the most of our time. If you're a little too old for bunk beds, then youth hostels may not be for you. (Source: Hans)This is a good idea because Porto is accessible, especially for tourists. There are two main areas in the city centre.Find out more about the cost of visiting Porto.Staying in the Old TownThe old town is in the heart of the city and most of the tourist attractions can be found there. The neighbourhood known as Ribeira is the central point of the UNESCO World Heritage Site. It’s home to:Porto CathedralLello BookstoreIgreja de Santa ClaraSão Bento StationAnd many others!Of course, this area tends to cost more than other neighbourhoods. The higher the demand for an area, the higher the cost of accommodation. However, that doesn’t mean that you can’t find a nice flat for a decent amount. There's accommodation for all budgets in Porto. (Source: bildundso)Of course, sometimes the popular areas can cost you a fortune.Find out more about visiting Porto.Staying Near the River DouroThe neighbourhoods by the Douro river each specialise in certain activities.The Old Town side of the river is home to restaurants and typical businesses. The views of the Dom Luís I Bridge are also great. In short, it’s a great area for a good time.By crossing the bridge, you’ll arrive in Vila Nova de Gaia. This is the area to go to if you want to taste some Port wine. If you’re travelling to enjoy the local cuisine and produce, you have to go here!Staying in Porto’s Suburbs“Travelling is returning to the essential” - Tibetan ProverbAs you’ll have understood, Porto’s city centre can sometimes to be difficult to find accommodation in.That said, there are plenty of places outside of the city centre worth staying in. If you like the feeling of being on holiday, you'll probably want to stay in a nice hotel. (Source: ManuelaJaeger)While there’s less demand in the suburbs, there’s still a good choice of hotels, hostels, and holiday accommodation. Let’s look at the suburbs!BoavistaThis area in the northwest of the city is the best place to meet locals. While there are fewer tourist attractions in the area, you can find plenty of trendy restaurants and luxury boutiques.  This is where you can find some of Porto’s best nightlife but it can still be quite expensive to stay there.Despite being a suburb, there’s a good choice of accommodation.MiragaiaIf you’re looking for private holiday rentals, an Airbnb with a parking space, or a nice flat with a kitchen, Miragaia might be where you should stay. This is a lovely area just a stone’s throw from the River Douro.This is near to the old town and several popular attractions (including the Jardim do Carregal) and you can enjoy the peace and quie t of the area. Since you’ll be outside of the city centre, you’ll find hotels, pensão, hostels, etc.Discover the best time of year to visit Porto.MassarelosMassarelos is to the west of Porto and is the best value-for-money. The student area of the city is home to art galleries, gardens (including the Jardins do Palácio de Cristal), and a lively lifestyle.Between bohemian and trendy, Massarelos has something for everyone, including access to the old town. Whether you want a private flat, a charming hotel, or short-term rental, you can find them for around €10-20 a night.The price is one of the advantages of staying in the suburbs, but it’s not the only one.  As you’ll have understood, in the surrounding suburbs, accommodation is cheaper.Whether it's a flat or house by the Douro, a two-star hotel, or a bed in a local’s home, Porto is a city with endless possibilities. While it’s generally cheaper than the UK, you should make sure you do your research before you go.The city centre is home to a lot of tourist attractions but it's competing against the suburbs away from all the hustle and bustle. It’s up to you to choose where you want to stay.Before you visit the UNESCO World Heritage sites and Roman ruins, attend wine tastings, or enjoy a river cruise, you might want to learn some of the language. Fortunately for you, there are plenty of talented tutors on Superprof offering Portuguese tutorials.

Easy Ways to Learn Chinese

Easy Ways to Learn Chinese Tips for Learning Chinese Easily Chapters Is Chinese an easy language to learn? Two Alternative Ways to Learn Chinese More Easily Is It Easy to Study Chinese in the UK? 5 Tips for Learning Mandarin Chinese“Chinese is one of the hardest languages to learn!”Have you heard this before? So have we! Is there any easy way to learn it, though? Most people wouldn’t say so. Chinese isn’t easy to learn and most Europeans would agree.There are thousands of characters, the pronunciation is very different to our own, and tones are almost an alien concept to us. It doesn't help that the Chinese language and culture sometimes seem very distant to our own, too.  Learning French, German, or Spanish might be easier because we share some of our vocabulary and roots with these languages. A lack of similarities is why Chinese is often thought to be really difficult.A lot of people start learning Chinese and quickly discover just how difficult it can be. However, all language learning has difficult elements.  Even understanding t he basics can be quite a challenge for anyone who’s just starting out.Don’t worry, though! There are ways for Europeans to learn Chinese and get the most out of their Chinese classes.How can I learn how to speak Chinese more easily? Where do I start? What difficulties am I going to face when you start learning Chinese?If you’re asking yourself these questions, you’re in luck! Superprof has all these answers for you in this very article!Here is our advice for making learning Chinese a bit simpler...Find out how you can learn Chinese London.Do you think Chinese is a difficult language to learn? (Source: Ayala) with Oxford and Durham in second and third respectively.A degree from any of these academic institutions could do wonders for your career prospects in Chinese-speaking jobs.Learn Chinese with a Private TutorThanks to how popular learning Chinese is, there are literally tonnes of private Chinese tutors popping up every day.  With a private tutor, you can get personalised tuition in a number of foreign languages. It’s a quick and easy way to learn a language.While some cities have more tutors than others, there’s a good spread of Chinese tutors around the country. Chinese tutorials can be really useful and private tutorials through platforms like Superprof, where you can find both qualified and native tutors near you or online, are the first places you should check if you’re happy to pay for tutorials.On-line tutors are great for those who live in rural areas where there mightn’t be large numbers of Chinese-speaking residents. A tutor will also teach you using the methods that work for you and ensure you get the most out of every hour spent together.  By working on your Chinese every day, you’ll be sure to make steady and impressive progress.Answers to our earlier quiz:ComputerTelephoneTelevisionChameleonGiraffeOwlLanguages are supposed to be spoken, after all.  If you’d like to learn Mandarin Chinese, you should go for it! You won’t re gret it! 5 Tips for Learning Mandarin ChineseSpend time with Chinese friends who are happy to speak a bit of the language with you. Even a 5-minute conversation can work wonders. Go to Chinatown and visit the local restaurants. Visit the kind of places we’re talking about. The places where the whole menu’s in Chinese and there isn’t a single word of English to be found anywhere. Most of the customers are Chinese, too. These are also great places to try good Chinese food.Watch Chinese films and TV shows. Even those who rarely watch TV should consider using this method to help them hear and speak more Chinese. You’ll hear the sounds being pronounced by native speakers in a variety of different situations. This will help you to see the language in a variety of different contexts and bring the language to life. You can’t learn to speak Chinese just by reading, after all. You have to hear it, too.Listen to Chinese songs. It’s a beautiful language and there’s a lot of music being made in it. You can learn an awful lot by listening to (and even singing along to) Chinese pop songs. There’s also karaoke! Why not organise an evening with your Chinese-speaking friends?Teach English in China or Taiwan. There are plenty of English teachers working in Chinese-speaking countries and getting paid for it, too. It’s a great way to learn Chinese while earning money. It could also fund Chinese lessons.Travel to China or Taiwan. This is both a fascinating and fun way to learn the Chinese language and more about the countries themselves.Learning a language like Chinese is a journey rather than a destination and unless you want to interpret at the UN or be a secret agent (which would be cool!), you don’t have to learn to speak Mandarin Chinese perfectly.Discover also how you can learn Chinese...  Learn Mandarin London and throughout the UK with a Superprof tutor.

What To Do To Get The Right Kind Of Math Homework Help

What To Do To Get The Right Kind Of Math Homework Help 0SHARESShare Mathematics always requires expert help Mathematics is a subject for which each and every student needs help to accomplish the assignments. A large number of students develop fear for mathematics in the absence of appropriate math homework help. Even some parents are also not able to help their children in solving the mathematical problems. It’s a truth beyond any apprehension that the students who are dreaming of a flourishing career should score well in mathematics. The question which always remains unanswered is â€" what to do when the right kind of expert help for mathematics is not within one’s reach? It’s an open secret that the challenges that Mathematics give are not very easy to take on. No student can even imagine scoring better in this intriguing subject without proper math homework help. The text ahead tells you how to combat these challenges successfully. Read on the following points to get the answer: You are living in an age where there are so many options other than traditional teaching methods. You just have to explore them. If you are not able to get effective and affordable math homework help  offline or through the traditional methods, just change your approach and go online. Find an online tutor who will not only be affordable but also incredibly effective. Once you experience online tutoring, you will realize what actually you have been missing in your academic life. You will find well-tailored course structure, friendly behavior, affordable pricing and much more from your online tutor. Purely individualized attention is what you can get only when you prefer going online in search of a qualified and experienced tutor for math homework help. You will find highly interactive sessions backed by easy-to-comprehend methodology to overcome all mathematical challenges. [starbox id=admin]

How to Find French Lessons Near Me in the UK

How to Find French Lessons Near Me in the UK Find French Classes Locally across the UK ChaptersFrench Lessons in London.French Classes in Edinburgh.French Courses in Glasgow.Study French in Belfast.French Language Courses in Cardiff.Learn French in Birmingham.French Language Classes in Leeds.So, you want to learn French? Congratulations! We’re really proud that you have made the decision to try it. And, wherever you are in the country, we are going to help you out as much as we can to find the right French teaching for you.But why is it you want to learn this foreign language? Is it because you are head over heels and madly in love with a French person? Is it because you are really interested in French culture, French literature or cuisine, and want to explore it further? Or is your boss sending you away on work and you need to brush up on those language skills you once had at school?Whatever the reason â€" and whether you actually want to or not â€" you’ll find that you’ll really enjoy the whole experience. We promise.Because there is nothing better, honestly, t han that first time you can crack a proper conversation in a new language. That time when you can walk into a Parisian café, say ‘bonjour’, and not be replied to in English. Being fluent in a language that you learned from scratch is just a really wonderful achievement.And remember, developing some fluency in a second language will put you in the minority of people in the UK. Because whilst bilingual and multilingual people are well in the majority across the world, English speakers don’t tend to like learning different languages very much. This is a great big shame, and the more people we can get to improve their knowledge of other languages, the happier we are.That’s why, here, we run through some of the options for you to learn French across the UK. The more options the better â€" because different people learn in different ways. We hope you find something that works for you!The border between the UK and France!The Joys of Learning French.But first, let’s run through s ome of the things that you’ll gaining from joining a French language course. Because learning a language is not just about the French vocabulary, the pronunciation, the subjunctive, and all the grammatical stuff like tenses and adjectives.Rather, learning a language is learning a different way of seeing the world, and articulating and understanding the things you see and feel. Language and culture are so entwined that you’ll find yourself learning more about French people, the way that they think and understand.This is the great thing about learning a different language. It is not just a way to talk to different native speakers or whatever. It’s rather a window onto a way of life for millions of different people.Because there are millions of people who speak French â€" nearly three hundred million in fact. It is the official language of over thirty countries, and it is one of the major world languages, being used for all sorts of commercial and political business between count ries and people. English and French are similar in this way, as they are both a lingua franca, a language spoken between speakers of different languages. Learning it unlocks a whole load of new opportunities for friendships, business partners, and acquaintances.Learning French in the UK.If you are looking for a French course to start, then the UK is probably one of the best places in the world to do it â€" apart, obviously, from those countries that are actually native French.But the UK has world class educational institutions â€" from universities offering language programs to the best array of language school opportunities potentially in the world. So, whether it is a conversational French class you want, intensive French language training, or you want to pursue French to degree level and beyond, you’ll have the opportunity to do them all.And further, the UK has more qualified French teachers than you’ve probably had hot meals â€" or indeed hot and cold meals combined. This is owing to the fact that there are a huge number of French people living in the UK.On Superprof, we have over seven thousand tutors available to teach French â€" and, among them, you’ll find the right French teacher for you.So, let’s break it down. We’ll show you some of the best opportunities for French learning in the UK.The highest mountain in France - Mont Blanc! AnnieFrench Teacher 4.89 (9) £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors CarolineFrench Teacher 5.00 (13) £25/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors LowriFrench Teacher 5.00 (9) £90/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors MarianneFrench Teacher 5.00 (8) £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors ThibautFrench Teacher 5.00 (3) £19/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors AnnickFrench Teacher 5.00 (6) £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors DéborahFrench Teacher 5.00 (10) £35/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors SamyFrench Teacher 5.00 (2) £100/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutorsF rench Lessons in London.Let’s start with London, often cited as France’s sixth biggest city. That’s because there are some four hundred thousand French people living in the city â€" that’s more than in cities like Bordeaux and Strasbourg.You couldn’t really be anywhere better for learning a language, because, as is its reputation, London is truly a properly global city. Here you’ll find prestigious educational institutions such as University College London, well-known language studies centres â€" such as Covent Garden’s International House â€" and an array of private tutors, French conversation classes, and community centres offering basic French lessons.There’s also the Institut Francais du Royaume-Uni, the official home of French culture in the UK. They offer French classes too, obviously â€" and of course you’ll have a native speaker for a teacher.For more information, visit our article on French lessons in London!French Classes in Edinburgh.Then there’s Edinb urgh, the graceful capital of Scotland. This in itself is a hugely diverse, international city â€" with one of the highest number of Europeans per capita in the UK.And, luckily for you, it’s the sort of city that you can walk around and find a language school on every street corner. You’ll find French for beginners, intermediate French, and advanced French lessons for those who want to make sure they keep on top of their existing language knowledge.Try out Scotland’s own French institute â€" which of course offers French language lessons â€" or try the French language school at inLingua on Shandwick Place.For more detail, check out our article on French classes in Edinburgh.French Courses in Glasgow.Glasgow is Scotland’s great bustling city, where Edinburgh is a little sleepier. You might say they are sort of rivals. But whichever one you’re living in, you’ll find the French training you deserve.The city has a great array of universities to choose from, if you are intere sted in pursuing a degree in any of the romance languages â€" but most of them do evening classes too for those French learners who are more keen on a more casual language study.There’s an outpost of the Alliance Francaise in Glasgow too â€" the official organisation for the promotion of French language and culture. And these do very professional language courses, at which you can practice your reading and writing and all the other things that learning languages is about.Check out more information in our article on French lessons in Glasgow. AnnieFrench Teacher 4.89 (9) £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors CarolineFrench Teacher 5.00 (13) £25/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors LowriFrench Teacher 5.00 (9) £90/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors MarianneFrench Teacher 5.00 (8) £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors ThibautFrench Teacher 5.00 (3) £19/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors AnnickFrench Teacher 5.00 (6) £20/h1st lesson free!Disco ver all our tutors DéborahFrench Teacher 5.00 (10) £35/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors SamyFrench Teacher 5.00 (2) £100/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutorsStudy French in Belfast.For those of you in Northern Ireland, you’re also pretty lucky. Like any major city in the UK and Europe, there are plenty of options to keep your linguistic needs fulfilled. And that’s for someone who speaks the language already and just wants a regular slot to practice French, and those who want to start right from beginner French.From the famous Queen’s University to the organisations like the Crescent Arts Centre, there’s a very broad range of institutions offering French lessons.Find out more about French classes in Belfast.The classic French Riviera.French Language Courses in Cardiff.In Cardiff, an increasingly diversifying city with a lot more international business links, the industry of foreign language classes is growing. With an increasingly well-regarded university att racting people from all over the world â€" and over ninety languages spoken in schools across the city â€" Cardiff is a great place to be to learn languages.Check out the language classes at the University of Cardiff. You can do these either on a casual basis in the evenings â€" just to brush up on your French knowledge or to build it from the beginning â€" or you can take a fulltime degree in French.For more opportunities, read out article on learning French in Cardiff.Learn French in Birmingham.Like any other city in the UK, Birmingham has plenty of opportunities to learn French.As ever, your best bet for classes is the University of Birmingham, which runs casual evening classes for those learning for fun. There is also Brasshouse Languages, which operates out of that massive new Library of Birmingham. Both are great options.If you want private tuition however, you know where to look: Superprof!For more information, check out our article on French classes in Birmingham.French Lang uage Classes in Leeds.Finally, Leeds. Leeds too has an Alliance Francaise centre â€" the official centre for the promotion of French language â€" which runs French classes to suit any learner’s needs.There’s also Cactus Language Courses, which offers a great array of classes in the romance languages from the centre of the city.As ever, for more information, check out our article on French courses in Leeds!

Molality

Molality Molality The concept of molality arises while studying solutions. Molality is also called as molal concentration. A solution is formed when a solute is dissolved in a solvent. Solute is a substance which is dissolved in another substance during the formation of a solution. Solute are usually in smaller quantities. The solvent is a substance which dissolves solute in itself during the formation of the solution. The solvent is usually in larger quantities when compared to the solute. For example, salt is dissolved in water here salt is the solute and water is the solvent. Sugar dissolve in juice, here sugar is the solute and juice is the solvent. Hence when a solute dissolves in a solvent a solution is formed. The solutions in which the solute is evenly distributed throughout the solvent is called as a homogeneous solution. The amount of solute dissolved in the solvents, and the solution formed can all be expressed in terms of concentrations. There are different ways in which the concentration is estimated such as molarity, molality, formality, percent composition and many more. Molality definition: The amount of solute dissolved in one kilogram of the solvent is defined as the molality of the solution. The amount of solute is expressed in moles. Therefore the molal concentration of a solution is the moles of solute in kilogram of the solvent. To find the Molality the required information is Moles of the solute used to form a solution. Amount of the solvent expressed in kilograms. Hence the formula for Molality can be expressed as follows: Units and symbol: The molality of a solution is expressed as m. The units for expressing the molality equals moles/kilograms or mol/kg. Question: Find the molality of 5 moles of Nacl mixed in 2000 grams for the solvent? Here the moles of the solute = 5 moles. The amount of the solvent = 2000 grams. Expressing the solvent in Kilograms = 2000/1000 = 2Kg. Hence using the formula for calculating Molality gives: Simplifying the calculation, Molality = 2.5 m. Question: Find the number or moles of FeO dissolved in 1.5 kg of solvent, if the molality of the solution if 0.3m. Here, the amount of the solvent = 1.5 Kg. Molality of the solvent used = 0.3 m. Hence rearranging the Molality formula for calculating the moles of the solute: This gives Moles of solute = 0.3 x 1.5 = 4.5 moles of Feo. Question: Find the amount of the solvent if 0.24 moles of the solute is dissolved to obtain a molality of 0.48m? Here, the number of moles of the solute = 0.24. The molality of the solution = 0.48 m. Hence rearranging the molality formula for calculating the mass of the solvent gives: The amount of the solvent = 1/2Kg = 0.5 Kg. Finding the moles of the solute: In a few questions the amount of the solute is given, in such cases the moles of the solute need to be calculated before using the molality formula. Here is how the moles of the solute can be calculated: Question: Calculate the molality when 20 grams of KCl is dissolved in 400 gm of the solvent? Mass of solute = 20 grams. Molar mass or molecular weight of KCl = Atomic mass unit of (K + Cl) = 39.0983 + 35.453 = 74.5513 g/mol = 74.6 g/mol (approx.) Moles of KCl = 20/74.6 = 0.27 moles. Amount of solvent in Kg = 400/1000 = 0.4 Kg. Using the molality formula: Therefore, molality of the given solution = 0.27/0.4 = 0.675 m Question: What is the molality of the solution when 15 grams of Na2CO3 is dissolved in a 0.25 kg of solvent to form a solution? Given is the mass of Sodium Carbonate = 15 grams. The number of moles of Na2CO3 is required for finding the molality of the solution. The Molar mass of Sodium Carbonate Na2CO3 = 2 (Na) + C + 3 (O). Refer the periodic table for the atomic mass unit for Na, C and O. Molar mass of Na2CO3 = 2 (22.989770) + 12.0107 + 3 (15.9994) = 105.98844 g/mol = 106 g/mol (approx.) Moles of Sodium Carbonate Na2CO3 = 15/106 = 0.14 Using the Molality formula Hence the molality = 0.14/0.25 = 0.56 m Difference between Molarity and Molality: Molarity and molality are both used to express the concentrations of a given solution. Molarity is the number of moles of solute dissolved in one liter of the solution. Molarity is also called as the molar concentration of the solution. Molarity of a substance gives the concentration with respect to the total solution whereas the molality gives the concentration with respect to the amount of solvent. The units for expressing molarity is mol/L or M. The formula used to calculate the Molarity of a solution is: Another very useful measuring unit used while solving questions related to concentrations is density. Density of a given solution is mass of the substance per unit volume. The units for expressing density are g/ml. The formula for calculating density is: Following are very unique and useful solved examples involving molality and molarity. Question: The molality of a solution formed by dissolving NaCl in a solvent is 0.56m. The density of the solution is 1.8g/ml. What is the molar concentration of the solution formed? The molality of the solution = 0.56m. This implies 0.56 moles of a solute NaCl is dissolved in 1 kg of the solvent. Moles of NaCl = 0.56; Molar mass of NaCl = Atomic weight of (Na + Cl) = (22.989770 + 34.453) = 58.44277 g/mol = 58.44g/mol (approx.) Using the moles formula, mass of NaCl dissolved = 0.56 x 58.44 = 32.73 gm (approx.) Mass of solution = Mass of Solute + Mass of Solvent = 32.73 grams + 1000 grams = 1032.73 grams Density of the solution given = 1.8g/ml. Using the density formula . Volume of the solution = 1.8 x 1032.73 = 1858.91 ml = 1.85891 L = 1.86 L (approx.). Using the molarity formula: Therefore, Molarity of the solution = 0.56/1.86 = 0.30 M Question: The molality of a solution formed by dissolving KI in a solvent is 1.2m. The density of the solution is 2.5 g/ml. What is the molar concentration of the solution formed? The molality of the solution = 1.2m. This implies 1.2 moles of a solute KI is dissolved in 1 kg of the solvent. Moles of KI = 1.2; Molar mass of KI = Atomic weight of (K + I) = (39.0983 + 126.90447) = 166.00277 g/mol = 166.00g/mol (approx.) Using the moles formula, mass of KI dissolved = 1.2 x 166.00 = 199.20 gm Mass of solution = Mass of Solute + Mass of Solvent = 199.20 grams + 1000 grams = 1199.20 grams Density of the solution given = 2.5g/ml. Using the density formula . Volume of the solution = 2.5 x 1199.20 = 2998 ml = 2.998 L. Using the molarity formula: Therefore, Molarity of the solution = 1.2/2.998 = 0.40 M

ACT

How Can Homeschooled Students Prep for the SAT/ACT Students in a variety of academic situations spend months stressing about the SAT and ACT. No matter how prepared you are, you may still feel overwhelmed. After all, either one of these tests can lead you to your dream college or career path. Luckily, some solid preparation can help ease your anxiety and ensure a great scorewhether youre homeschooled or not. Here are a few ways homeschooled students can prep for the SAT or ACT. Build SAT/ACT test prep into your curriculum Homeschooling offers great flexibility, which is one of the reasons many students choose homeschooling. For example, a fantastic way to prepare for either test while in a homeschool program is to build SAT or ACT test prep into your curriculum. You can easily integrate topics that will be present on the SAT or ACT into your normal schedule and lessons, as both the ACT and SAT follow core curriculum standards. Buy or download an ACT/SAT prep book Many homeschooled learners are used to self-paced learning tools and lessons. For this reason, an ACT or SAT prep book may be a great option for you. There are a variety of prep books available, and prices can vary wildly. (You can also download Varsity Tutors free ACT eBook!) Prep books often provide overviews of specific subjects covered on the test, as well as test questions (and even an ACT or SAT practice test). However, this method may not work for everyonea prep book is ideal for disciplined students who are great self-motivators. If this doesnt describe you, you may want to consider other forms of ACT or SAT prep. Take older ACT or SAT tests While test prep books can be useful, the best preparation often comes from taking older versions of the test. By reviewing old exams, you get a feel for the timing, the language of the test, and the types of questions that may be asked. You can purchase older versions of ACT or SAT tests, but you can also find a slew of practice tests and other learning tools online. Practice taking old exams in a simulated testing environment as often as you can. [RELATED: How is the New SAT Scored?] Hire an SAT or ACT tutor Many students in traditional schools hire a tutor to ensure that theyre completely prepared to take a college entrance exam. Homeschooled students also have this option, and many benefit from the tutoring experience. SAT and ACT tutors can help direct your study in productive ways, identifying weaknesses and strengths, and then helping you develop solutions to address those weaknesses. A tutor who is also an expert in the ACT or SAT is especially useful; he or she can offer invaluable advice and services that you may not otherwise learn about. You can score highly on both the SAT or ACT with a little planning and time management. Your homeschool education does not put you any further behind your peers in a traditional schooling environment, but it may affect what study methods work best for you. Experiment with your test prep options, and set high expectations for test day.